Nucleic acid aptamer-based traditional Chinese medicine application:therapy,targeting and diagnosis / 中国中药杂志

Nucleic acid aptamers, broad-spectrum target-specific single-stranded oligonucleotides, serve as molecules in targeted therapy, targeted delivery and disease diagnosis for the treatment of tumor or microbial infection and clinical detection. Due to the existence of components in the use of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), the target is difficult to concentrate and the specificity of treatment is poor. The effective components of TCM are toxic components, so a highly sensitive detection method is urgently needed to reduce the toxicity problem at the same time. The combined application of TCM and modern medical treatment strategy are difficult and cannot improve the therapeutic effect. Aptamers, advantageous in biosensors, aptamer-nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery, and aptamer-siRNA chimeras, are expected to connect Chinese medicinals with nanotechnology, diagnostic technology and combined therapies. We summarized the preparation, screening, and modification techniques of nucleic acid aptamers and the biomedical applications and advantages in therapy, targeting, and diagnosis, aiming at providing a reference for the in-depth research and development in TCM.

Metabolic and excretory process of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium in rats' urine and feces analyzed by RRLC-QqQ-MSn / 中国中药杂志

This present study was to investigate the metabolism and excretion of characteristic polyphenols such as flavonoids and coumarins in urine and feces of rats after intragastric administration of ethanol extracts of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. The urine and feces of rats were collected after intragastric administration of 70% ethanol extracts of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. Rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (RRLC-QqQ-MSn) was applied to compare the contents of polyphenols in ethanol extract, urine and feces. By comparing with reference substance, 30 polyphenols were identified from the ethanol extracts of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, including flavone glycosides, flavones, flavonone glycosides, flavonones, flavonol glycosides, polymethoxyflavones, coumarins, and limonoids and so on. The detection of various types of compounds showed differences in contents between the intestinal metabolism and excretion in the feces after systemic circulatory metabolism and renal excretion. The results showed that the polymethoxyflavones and flavonones were primarily excreted through urine, and the flavonone glycosides and limonoids were primarily excreted through feces. However, coumarins were hardly detected in feces and urine, indicating that coumarins may be metabolized in the body.

Study on HPLC fingerprint and chemical constituent difference of different species of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus / 中国中药杂志

This study is to establish an HPLC fingerprint by HPLC-DAD method and simultaneous quantitative analysis of 17 components of 18 batches of Citrus aurantium and 10 batches of C. sinensis. The separation was performed on an Agilent Poroshell 120 SB-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×100 mm,2.7 μm) column with the gradient elution of methanol-0.1% formic acid water, the flow was 0.6 mL•min⁻¹. The detection wavelength was set at 318 nm. The column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. The data calculation was performed with similarity evaluation system for chromatographic fingerprint of traditional Chinese medicine (Version 2004A) together with SIMCA-P 13.0 software to clarify the differential marker between these two different species of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus. This method has good precision stability and repeatability that could provide basis for quality control and evaluation of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus.

Research on concentration of 5 different ginsenosides in Panax japonica collected from different cultivated geographic regions / 中国中药杂志

In this paper, an HPLC-QqQ-MS method for determination of 5 different ginsenosides of Panax japonica collected from different cultivated geographic regions was established. The separation was performed on a Zorbax XDB-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) column with the gradient elution of acetonitrile (contained 0.1% formic acid)-0.1% formic acid water. The flow rate was 0.5 mL•min⁻¹. The colunm temperature was maintained at 30 ℃. The analytes were detected using electrospray ionization (ESI) in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) modes. Reaction selected ions were 203.2 for ginsenoside Re, 202.9 for ginsenoside Rg₁, 365.0 for ginsenoside Rf, 789.1 for ginsenoside Rd, 360.9 for ginsenoside Ro. Ginsenosides Re, ginsenosides Rg₁, ginsenosides Rf, ginsenosides Rd, ginsenosides Ro had good linearity in the ranges of 3.33-66.60 μg (r=0.999 1),2.83-56.54 μg (r=0.999 2), 0.32-6.51 μg (r=0.999 2), 12.55-251.00 μg (r=0.999 3), 0.85-16.90 μg (r=0.999 5), respectively. The results of recovery were among 100.8% to 104.6%, and the values of RSD were blow 3.0%. This method is simple, reliable and accurate, and can provide basis for P. japonica basic research.

Determination of four components in root of Saposhnikovia divaricata by HPLC gradient elution / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an HPLC method for determination of components in root of Saposhnikovia divaricata.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The separation of four components was achieved on a reversed-phase Alltima C18 column with MeOH-H2O gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Six samples were determined and there is no distinct difference between the contents determined by the new and old methods.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new method is more simple and convenient than the old method.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents in roots of Heracleum rapula / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents in roots of Heracleum rapula.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents were isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and ODS, and identified by spectroscopic methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Nine compounds, osthol ( I ), bergapten (II), xanthotoxin (III), isopimpinellin (IV), imperatorin (V), isoimperatorin (VI), cnidilin (VII), phellopterin (VIII), rivulobirin A (IX) were isolated and identified.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compounds VI, VII, VIII, IX were isolated from this plant for the first time.</p>

Studies on quality standard of Peucedanum praeruptorum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a quality standard of Peucedanum praeruptorum for Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2005).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The presence of (+/-)-praeruptorin A were identified and assayed by TLC and HPLC, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Linearity of marker was obtained over the range of 0.17696-0.88480 microg (r=0.9999). The average recovery rate was 99.72% (RSD=0.40%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TLC is specific. The method of quantity is accurate, reappearance, simple, rapid, and suitable for the quality control of P. praeruptorum.</p>

Determination of carvacrol and thymol in Mosla chinensis by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a quantitative method of determination of carvacrol and thymol in Mosla chinensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The sample was extracted with 95% ethanol, ODS column was used with methanol-water-acetic acid (60:40:2) as mobile phase. The detection wavelength was set at 274 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The linearities of carvacrol and thymol were respectively in the range of 0.23-2.15 microg (r = 0.9999) and 0.39-2.36 microg (r = 0.9999); the average recoveries were 99.9% (RSD 1.4%) and 98.6% (RSD 1.3%); the RSD of repeatability were 1.1% and 1.6%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is reliable, and can be used for quality control of M. chinensis.</p>